±10.5 V 16-channel programmable pulse generator using high-voltage BCD CMOS process

ELECT A ±10.5 V programmable pulse generator (PPG) fabricated by highvoltage (HV) BCD CMOS technology is demonstrated, where a charge pump composed of five cascaded voltage doublers is included to boost the voltage from 2.5 V to be higher than 10 V. A crossvoltage-domain operational amplifier is proposed to carry out voltage level conversion and amplification. HV analogue switches are also proposed to change the direction of output currents. The proposed 16channel PPG is realised on silicon, where the die area is 5.43 mm. Physical measurements justify that the maximum output current is 525 μA, and the largest voltage of the pulses is ±10.5 V.